9月1日,在新加坡召开的OPTIONS X 2019会议上,罗氏集团第一时间展示了在研流感药物Xofluza(baloxavir marboxil)两项III期临床试验的积极数据。罗氏引领全球抗击流感的前沿,快随我们一探究竟!
Xofluza使接触感染者后患上流感的风险降低86%
· BLOCKSTONE研究达到主要终点,与安慰组相比,使用Xofluza的人群更少被检验出流感,或出现发烧或至少一种呼吸道症状。
· 无论对减少普通季节性流感,或是限制大规模流感爆发,Xofluza都有望成为便捷、有效的治疗方法。
III期BLOCKSTONE研究表明,在接触感染流感的家庭成员后,使用Xofluza进行预防治疗,相较于安慰剂,可使患上流感的风险显著降低86%。研究结果表明,使用Xofluza治疗的家庭成员只有1.9%患上流感,而安慰剂治疗组的比例为13.6%(p<0.0001)。而且,在不同亚型的甲型流感中,相比于安慰剂,Xofluza均表现出统计学上的显著获益(H1N1: 1.1% vs 10.6%,p=0.0023;H3: 2.8% vs. 17.5%,p<0.0001)。此外,在流感感染高风险人群(2.2% vs 15.4%,p=0.0435)及更容易患上流感的未满12周岁(4.2% vs 15.5%,p=0.0339)的儿童接触中也观察到这种差异。Xofluza相较于安慰剂表现出可比的安全性,Xofluza的不良事件总体发生率为22.2%,而安慰剂为20.5%。没有严重不良事件报告。
单剂量Xofluza在儿童流感患者中取得阳性结果
· III期MINISTONE-2数据显示,Xofluza在儿童中的安全性与已知的安全性特征一致,且疗效与奥司他韦可比。
· 作为新的单剂口服混悬液给药,Xofluza是一种潜在的对儿童更加方便的治疗选择。
· 儿童患流感的风险高,每年流感并发症导致全球将近100万5岁以下的儿童住院。
III期MINISTONE-2研究表明,单剂量Xofluza对未满12周岁既往健康的儿童流感患者,是一种耐受性良好、有效的潜在流感治疗手段。该研究评估了截至研究第29天出现不良事件(AEs)或严重不良事件的患者比例,结果表明与Xofluza的已知安全性一致,达到主要终点。在接受Xofluza治疗的参与者中,有46.1%经历至少一次治疗引发的不良事件,而奥司他韦组为53.4%。研究还表明,Xofluza的疗效与奥司他韦(一种证实有效的儿童流感治疗方案)可比 。此外,与成人和青少年群体的数据一致,与奥司他韦相比,Xofluza使流感病毒从体内排出的时间缩短了两天多 (病毒排毒中位时间分别为24.2小时与75.8小时)。
注:原文有删减
参考文献
[1] Ikematsu H, et al. Single-dose baloxavir for the prevention of influenza among household contacts: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo controlled post-exposure prophylaxis study (BLOCKSTONE). OPTIONS X 2019; 2019 Aug 28-Sept 1; Singapore. Abstract #11718.
[2] Hayden F, et al. Baloxavir Marboxil for Uncomplicated Influenza in Adults and Adolescents. N Engl J Med 2018; 379:913-923.
[3] Ison M, et al. CAPSTONE-2 trial. Infectious Disease Week; 2018 Oct 3-7; San Francisco. CA, USA. Abstract #LB16. [Internet; cited 2019 August]. Available from: https://idsa.confex.com/idsa/2018/webprogram/Paper74204.html.
[4] Baker J, et al. Single-dose baloxavir marboxil for the treatment of influenza in otherwise-healthy children aged 1 to <12 years (miniSTONE-2). OPTIONS X 2019; 2019 Aug 28-Sept 1; Singapore. Abstract #11756.
[5] Baker J, et al. Single-dose baloxavir marboxil for the treatment of influenza in otherwise-healthy children aged 1 to <12 years (miniSTONE-2). Presented at: OPTIONS X; 2019 August 28-September 1; Singapore. Abstract #11756.
[6] Hayden F, et al. Baloxavir Marboxil for Uncomplicated Influenza in Adults and Adolescents. N Engl J Med 2018;379:913-923.
[7] Ison M, et al. CAPSTONE-2 trial. Infectious Disease Week; 2018 Oct 3-7; San Francisco. CA, USA. Abstract #LB16. [Internet; cited 2019 August]. Available from: https://idsa.confex.com/idsa/2018/webprogram/Paper74204.html.
[8] Ikematsu H, et al. Single-dose baloxavir for the prevention of influenza among household contacts: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo controlled post-exposure prophylaxis study (BLOCKSTONE). OPTIONS X 2019; 2019 Aug 28-Sept 1; Singapore. Abstract #11718.
[9] ClinicalTrials.gov. Study to Assess the Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Efficacy of Baloxavir Marboxil in Healthy Pediatric Participants From Birth to < 1 Year With Influenza-Like Symptoms (NCT03653364). [Internet; cited 2019 August]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03653364.
[10] ClinicalTrials.gov. Study to Assess Efficacy and Safety of Baloxavir Marboxil In Combination With Standard-of-Care Neuraminidase Inhibitor In Hospitalized Participants With Severe Influenza (NCT03684044). [Internet; cited 2019 August]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03684044.
[11] ClinicalTrials.gov. Study to Assess the Efficacy of Baloxavir Marboxil Versus Placebo to Reduce onward Transmission of Influenza A or B in Households (NCT03969212). [Internet; cited 2019 August]. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03969212.